Queen Elizabeth II

             

Her name is Elizabeth Alexandra Marie . She was born on 21st April 1926 in London. Her sister is Princess Margaret . She married prince Philip Mountbatten  on 20^th November , 1947.
She has four children: Charles, Ann, Andrew and Edward.   Today she is 86 years old . The princess reached the throne when she was 25 years old ,6^th February 1952 in Wesminster’s Abbey but she was crowned on 2sd  June 1953.

Elisabeth II is the daughter of George VI and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon.

She is queen of sixteen independent states and leader of the Commonwealth. She is a queen of Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, the Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, Salomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Antigua and Barbuda, Belize and Saint-Christophe-et-Niévès. She is perceived as a great queen.

                         

I°) Where was she born ?

II°) What’s her name?

III°) How many children has she got ?

Written by Charlène

RECIPE OF YOGHURT CAKE

 

You will need :

Ingredients :

 - 1 natural yoghurt

- 2 eggs

- 3 measures of flour

- 1 measure of oil

- 1 and ½ measure of fine caster sugar

- 1 bag packet of yeast

- 1 salt of pinch

( 1 Measure = 1 yoghurt jar)

Tools :

- 2 bowls

- 1 whisk

- 1 cake tin

Separate the egg whites in the first bowl, beat the egg whites with a whisk. In the second bowl, mix all the other ingredients together, the eggs too. Obtain a smooth preparation and add the beaten egg whites.

Then butter the cake tin and put the mixture in it and bake at thermostat 7 (180°) during 35 minutes.

This cake is very very good ! Treat yourself, good meal !

     

QUIZZ ::

1)    What is the main ingredient in this cake ?

2)    How long must the cake cook ?  

Written by Louisa.

John Milton

John Milton (9 December 1608 – 8 November 1674) was an
English poet. He was a prose polemicist and a civil servant.
He was born in London at Bread Street. He died in London (aged 65 years) at Bunhill. He began to write when he was 10 years old. He wrote in English and in Latin.  He hadn't got sisters or brothers. His dad was Richard Milton and his mom was Sara Jeffrey. His dad was a notary. When he was 18 years, he studied in Cambridge.  When he was 40 years old, he became blind. He loved and practiced many languages (Latin, Greek, Hebrew, French, Spanish, Italian, Old English, Dutch), also philosophy, theology and litterature. He wanted to be a clergyman but he renounced for poetry. He travelled one year in France and Italy, he met many important intellectuals and influential people, including the astronomer Galileo. He hated censur. He was for freedom of expression. He was interested in education and he became a schoolmaster educating his nephews. He saw many times Galileo. The judgement against  him  consolidated  his wish for freedom of expression.
 At Restoration (1658-1688) his books were burned and he was jailed in the Tower of London but his friends obtained his liberation. He invented many words. He has got a stained glass in Saint Margaret's Church near Westminster Abbey.He was an autodidact and scholarly man of letters. He has inspired romantic author.  He was famous for « Paradise Lost» (an epic poem). Here is an example of his lines :<< Better to reign in hell than serve in heaven>>.

 

Written by François.

QUIZZ: Answer these two questions after reading the text.

1) What did John Milton intend to be when he studied ?
 

2) For what ideas did John Milton want to fight during his life ?
 

DOWNTON ABBEY

Its director:

 Downton Abbey is a British television series created by Julian Fellowes.

It is a popular series in the USA and France.

It tells the story of a large family who is rich.

It has been nominated 16 times for Emmy Award and it beat a record with more than 100 000 million viewers.

        

The characters are:

            Noble family                                                             Servants   

The Rt. Hon. Robert, Earl of Grantham                      Charles "Charlie" Carson Butler

The Rt. Hon. Cora, Countess, wife of the Earl            Elsie Hughes,Housekeeper 

Lady Mary, wife of Matthew Crawley                        John Bates, valet to Lord Grantham

Mr Matthew Crawley , husband of Lady Mary.           Gwen Dawson, Housemaid

The history of the series

The series is set in the fictional Downton Abbey, the Yorkshire country estate of the Countess and follows the lives of the aristocratic Crawley family and their servants during the reign of King GeorgesV. The first series spans the two years before the Great War. That begins with news of the sinking of the RMS Titanic in 1912. It is an eventful series. The second series covers the years 1916 to 1919, and the 2011 Christmas Special covers the 1919 Christmas period, ending in early 1920.

Written by Audrey

Sardenia

Sardenia is a region in Italy. It's an island in the Mediterranean sea. The flag of Sardenia is composed of a red cross and four mans's heads. The capital is Cagliari.
It has two official languages, Italian and Sardinian.
There are 1,672,804 inhabitants for an area of 24,090 km2 , so the density is 69hab/km2.
The island is a republic and the president is Ugo Cappellacci.
The independance day of Sardenia is the 28 February 1948.
The local climate is mediterranean.
The temperatures often exceed 45°c and the rain is rare.
Sardinia has a lot of mountains, hills and of big lakes.
There are beautiful beaches with blue water and white sand.
There are a lot of ruins of the Roman age, like the Thermae of Fordongianus or the vestiges of the city of Tharros. But the Romans weren't the only civilization  of Sardinia, for example, in the middle of the island there is an Orthodox church which was built in the 6th century AD when the Roman Empire was separated in two parts, the Byzantine Empire and the Roman Empire.
But now the Mediterranean island is an independent region because for example: the Sardinian culture is very original because it's composed of their own events (the carnival), stories and traditions but also for its food as the cheese of ewe ( Pecorino), the " porceddu " suckling pig.... The island has its own language as in the island of Corsica. But it's still a political region of Italy as Corsica with France.



Written by Adèle

QUIZZ. Can you answer these question (Use the comment box) 
1) What is the name of the Sardinian famous cheese ?
2) What is the capital of Sardenia ?
3) How many inhabitants are there ?

The Paralympic Games

Paralympic football

The Paralympic Games are organized by the International Paralympic Committee. They are held every four years just after the Olympic Games.The deaf can participate in Deaflympics. Now people with intellectual disabilities can also participate in Special Olympics. Previously they had been excluded since 2000.

History:

paralympic race

Sir Ludwig Guttmann, the neurologist at Stoke Mandeville Hospital near London, had the idea of establishing in 1948, the first « World Wheelchair and Amputee Games ». He wanted the rehabilitation through sport, of veterans and victims of the Second World War who had become paraplegic. The name of the two mascots are Wenlock and Mandeville. They represent the last two drops of steel used to build the Olympic Stadium in London. The mascots have only one eye and a yellow light on the head inspired by London taxis. Wenlock is named after the town of Much Wenlock located in Shropshire and Mandeville is named after the village of Stoke Mandeville in Buckinghamshire, were organized in 1948 the first "World Games wheelchair and amputee" that will become the Paralympics in 1960.




Objective:

The objective of the Paralympic Movement is the opportunity for athletes with a physical disability to excel and achieve sport performances comparable to Olympic athletes.
Rules:
The Paralympic Games include athletes with physical or visual handicaps, of the following categories: quadriplegics and paraplegics, neurological sequelae, and similar amputees, cerebral palsy, severely disabled (muscular dystrophy, electric wheelchairs), blind and visually impaired. For competition, athletes are grouped in categories according to their disability. For  athletics events, there are races for the blind, for amputees running with a prosthesis and wheelchair racing.  

Categories:

Paralympic basketball

Athletics
Rowing (sport)
Boccia (sport like bowls, played with leather balls by handicapped persons )
Wheelchair basketball
cycling
riding
Wheelchair Fencing
Football 5 (played by visually impaired athletes or blind)
Football 7 (played by athletes with motor disabilities)
Goal-ball
weight lifting
Judo (played by visually impaired athletes or blind)
Swimming

Paralympic swimming

Wheelchair rugby
Wheelchair tennis
Table tennis
Archery
shooting sports







LINKS to

- the opening ceremony of olympic games:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kd4FgGSY5BY

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pIRHMmM2z7c

 - To the men's 200 meters in Athltics
 to http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A9Wlp1sTnoY

- to the men's 100 meters in swimming pool
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F90TwuJIt-Y

Written by Simon

QUIZZ: Answer the 2 questions  (in the comment box)

1) What is the name of the two mascots of the Paralympic Games in London?
                              
2) What is the objective of the Paralympic Games?
                               

The Opening Ceremony of the Olympics games

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The Opening Ceremony of the Olympic Games

It was the third Olympic Games in London! After those of 1908 and of 1948, London hosted the Olympic Games for the third time; this is a record.

 

There were about 204 countries so about 10.490 participants for 26 sports represented. There were 302 sporting events played for 2100 medals given.

-The opening ceremony was created by Danny Boyle with a budget of 34 million euros. There were 70.000 volunteers so that the opening ceremony goes well.

Danny Boyle is a film director; he had received the Oscar for best director with Slum Dog Millionaire.

-The opening ceremony represented the change and the industrialization in England. They wanted to show the technologies, their music, their film and their health system. They showed their different styles of music. During the ceremony they did a tribute to English singers with the music as John Lennon or many well-knew singers. They showed the English humor with the entrance of the Queen with James Bond 007 or with Mr. Bean.

- David Beckham, different singers, actors of English series and other stars took part in the opening ceremony. The 204 countries went in the stadium with their flags and planted the flag in the stadium.

- After a long travel, different countries with many people the flame arrived in the stadium in front of a lot of people and announced the opening of fifthteen modern Olympic Games.

-The British show through this opening ceremony all the things which represent their country, their humor, the modernization and different kind of music with the respect of the British tradition. The Olympic Games was good to bring together the different countries through sports and forget during the competition misery and war. 

                                                                  

Written by Dylan 

QUIZZ; Answer the 2 questions:

1-Who created the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games?

2-How many countries took part in the Olympic Games?

Kate and prince William, a love story not as the others

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Catherine Elizabeth Middleton, called “Kate” Middleton, was born on January 9th, 1982 at Reading, in Berkshire, in the South of England.

She is the child of businessman Michael Middleton, former airline pilot today millionaire, and of Carole Goldsmith, who was a stewardess.

She grew in Berkshire, before going to study in Scotland.

That is how she met prince William, son of prince Charles and the second heir to the British throne, at Saint Andrews's university in Fife. They were both students in art history.

In autumn 2002, she moved with him and another student in a collocation. Both young people got closer little by little.

In Christmas 2003, the relationship between prince William and Kate Middleton was officialized.

The young couple have continued to live in the same apartment until they passed their diplomas, in 2006.

Since this date, she has worked as a seller of a brand of clothes.

On April 14th, 2007, we learned that the couple had separated. A simple quarrel, apparently, because the couple re-formed in the course of June.

 The gossips asserted that Kate’s mother would have urged her to separate from the the prince of Wales’s son. Kate Middleton pleases Queen Elizabeth II.

On November 16th, 2010, Kate and William officialy announced their engagement.

They got married on April 29th, 2011, in front of 2 billion televiewers.

The English population likes very much the young princely couple because they make the monarchy more modern.

Married to Prince William since April 29th, 2011, she possesses the title of Cambridge. She is also called Princess Catherine.

Written by Mathilde Gay

QUIZZ: Can you answer the following questions ? (use the comment box)

1.     Does she come from a poor social environment?

2.     In what university was she?

Tennis

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Tennis

Tennis is a sport usually played between two players or between two teams of two players.

The necessary equipment for playing tennis is : a racket and tennis balls.

There are differents types of floor covering : concrete , quick,  grass, dirt...

The basic movements are : service, forehand and backhand.

The number of sets required to win a match variable according to several criteria (sex, age, tournament ...). The land and the net are different for single matches and doubles.

Tennis is an English adaptation of the game of ''paume'' , a French game from Provence. There are more than

27 000 000 tennis players in Europe.

Tennis is a racket sports the most popular, as well as table tennis, or badminton.

There have been great champions like Andre Agassi, John McEnroe, Pete Sampras ...
But now the champions are Roger Federer, Raphael Nadal,  Novak Djokovic, the Williams sisters, Maria Sharapova ...

 

In the four Grand Slam Tournament there are :

The Australian Open

French Open

Wimbledon

Us Open 

Written by Chloé (Mortreau) 

Quizz : Can you answer these questions :

1) What are the differents types of floor in Tennis ?

2) When was tennis  invented?

Linkin Park

Linkin Park is an American rock band from California formed in 1996.

The Linkin Park’s first name  was Xero (from 1996 to 1998). After that they were

called Hybrid Theory (from 1998 to 1999) and now they're called Linkin Park.
The original musical style of Linkin Park is heavy metal. In their songs, they talk about politic, environnement and fatality of death (in the song Powerless).

The 21/09/2012, Linkin Park was the first rock group who got 1 billion views on Youtube !

From left to right : Dave Farrel, Brad Delson, Chester Bennington, Mike Shinoda, Rob Bourdon and Joe Hah

They released 5 albums:

-Hybrid Theory (2000) (best album in 2001)

-Meteora (2003) (the third best album in 2003)

-Minutes to Midnight (2007) (6 best album in 2007)

-A Thousand Suns (2010) (20 best album in 2010)

-Living Things (2012)

One of the famous music of Linkin park Is What I've Done (A fan made lyric video)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dj_d8DlZ-Jo

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The last song of Linkin Park Lost in the Echo (It's a lyric video by the group):

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pNv5g_9EliQ

My favourite song, Castle of Glass(a fan made lyric too) :

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WOwY8je5VEU

I very much love this group because it’s a hard-rock group and I’m a fan of hard-rock. And in all hard rock group there are guitars and guitars are my passion. I specially like the last album because for me, it’s the most complete of their albums. My favourite songs are Burn It Down, Victimized, Roads Untraveled, What’s I’ve Done and Powerless and the best of the best is Castle of Glass. Linkin Park have a very great future if they continue like this, I think .With their song they make me happy and very calm.

I hope you enjoy document on Linkin Park   and maybe you discovered this group and you like it.

Written by Axel 

QUIZZ:  Can you answer the 2 questions ? : (answer in the comment box)
What were Linkin park's names before ?
Where are they from ?

A European Country: Hungary

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Situation:

Hungary is situated on the East of Europe next to Austria and Slovakia.

Its capital is Budapest and it is the most famous city in Hungary.

The Danube is very present in this country; it’s the second biggest river in Europe

General information:

Its flag is composed of 3 horizontal stripes: the highest is red,

                                                                   the part in the middle is white

                                                                   and the lowest is green

The official language is Hungarian.

The currency of Hungary is the forint (1€ = 280 forints)

There are 10 076 062 inhabitants in this country.

The Capital: Budapest

The actual city is the reconciliation of Buda (old capital of Hungary situated on the left bank of the Danube) and Pest (the city on the right bank of Danube)

 In order to seal this reconciliation they built the Chain Bridge which connects the two cities.

 The most famous monuments in Budapest are the Thermal Bath where people play chess, play cards, swim and relax.

The Hosok Tere (square of heroes) is placed in UNESCO world heritage; around this square there is the museum of Fine Arts.

Traditions:

The most famous dish is goulash (it is a stew composed of beef and peppers in a paprika sauce).

The desserts are mainly composed of pancakes, like the Gundel palacsinta (pancakes in Hungarian).

Written by Chloé (Gomard)

QUIZZ: Can you answer the 2 questions: in the comment box)

1) What is the capital of Hungary?

2) What is the currency of Hungary?

Discover a European Country: ITALY

Italy is a country which is part of Europe.
Its flag looks like the flag of France but its colours are green, white and red. Its capital is Rome but the most famous cities are Rome, Milan and Naples. Italy looks like a boot.
The mountains of Italy are the Alps and the Appennine mountains and the biggest river is the Pô.

The official language is Italian. The currency is the Euro.
There are 58147733 inhabitants for a surface of 301230 km².



Italy is a republic and the president is Gorgio Napolito.
The National Holiday is the 2^nd of June because Italy became a republic on the 2^nd of June 1946.

The most famous monuments are Leaning Tower of Pisa and Vatican and the specialities are pastas, pizza, risotto. Masolino and Duccio are Italian famous painters of baroque period (the period of the revival), Leonardo Da Vinci is also an Italian painter, he painted the Joconde.
1870 is an important date of Italy because it is the liberation of Rome. In 1922, Mussolini took the power in Italy. In 1940 Italy entered the war.
Italy has a reputation of beauty and a lot of tourists visit it because the weather is sunny and hot, the inhabitants are kind and welcoming and there are lots of historic monuments. The tourists come also for Venice which is the city of lovers.


Questions.
1) What are the colors of the flag ?
2) What are the most famous monuments ?
3) When is the National Holiday ?
4) When is the liberation of Rome ?

This is a painting of Duccio:

Written by Pauline